by Laura Davis and Annie Sholar

In this edition of Be a Better Grower, Laura Davis, NOFA/Mass Certification Technical Assistance Provider, shares the four most common mistakes that she sees new organic farmers make during their certification process.

NOFA/Mass is proud to be a Core Partner in the USDA’s Transition to Organic Partnership Program (TOPP)! TOPP is a network assembled by the USDA’s National Organic Program to support transitioning and organic producers with mentorship and resources. Farmer-to-farmer mentorship, workshops, webinars, field days, technical assistance, and other educational events will offer opportunities to learn about organic production, the certification process, market opportunities, and more.

Northeast Transition to Organic Partnership Program / TOPP / USDA Logo

Mistake #1: Not Recording Harvest Data

We get it – the last thing you want to do at the end of a long day hauling crates in and out of the fields is take the extra time to record harvest dates, weights, and locations. These records are required for organic certification – but they’re also super helpful for your own farm operations and sales!

Blue baskets with a variety of peppers in them

Tracking your harvest carefully helps you see how changes in management practices – like addressing your soil biology – affect your yields. When January rolls around, it also helps for planning for your coming season. (Did you plant too much celeriac, again?)

Harvest records don’t have to be digital; you can keep records on a handwritten form as long as you’re able to store that paper record securely.

Some farms like to build record-keeping tools into their work planning & communication tools, so that the whole crew has access. Find a system that works for you!

  There are plenty of examples and templates available – check out these examples from:

Mistake #2: Confusing “OMRI Listed” for “OMRI Approved”

Farmers who are new to organic certification sometimes make mistakes when interpreting the Organic Materials Review Institute’s (OMRI) list.

The OMRI Listed seal appears on over 10,000 products – but just because an input is OMRI listed does not necessarily mean you can use that product freely.

There are 3 categories of inputs in the OMRI product database:

  • Allowed (A)

  • Allowed with Restrictions (R)

  • Prohibited (P or X)

Prohibited inputs are the most straightforward: using a prohibited input makes a field ineligible for organic certification.

While you can use Restricted items on your organic certified plots, the item must be listed in your farm’s Organic System Plan, with an annotation explaining how you will comply with the requirements for use.

Common restrictions include the following:

  • For many disease and pest management products, you must show that you are using other  management or cultural practices to proactively prevent the problem, and not just applying this input as a first line defense — for example managing weeds or using row covers to exclude pests.

  • For micronutrients, you need a recent soil or tissue test showing a deficiency for that nutrient.

  • Many inputs carry the restriction that it not be overapplied, and be applied in a way that avoids the input accumulating in the soil and knocking the soil nutrients out of balance

  • Fertilizers are often listed with the restriction that the product “must be applied in a manner that does not contribute to the contamination of crops, soil or water.”

You’ll see a set of icons next to the item indicating which categories the product falls into (for example, crops or livestock), which country’s regulations apply to that item, and whether the item is allowed (A), restricted (R), or prohibited (X).
Examples of OMRI Icons

If you’re including a Restricted input in your Organic System Plan, you must list how you plan to comply with the restriction (for example, that results from a recent soil test has shown deficiencies).

Here’s an example from part of a real OSP from 2023, showing compliance annotations for restricted items:

Here’s an example from part of a real OSP from 2023, showing compliance annotations for restricted items:

Mistake #3: Not Including the Correct Field Location Details

This one is an easy oversight, with an even easier fix.

You’ll need to keep track of where all of your harvested crops came from, so that the inspector can verify that crops you’re selling as organic certified came from an organic certified location.

If you don’t already have a field location code listed in your harvest records, make sure to add one to your harvest log.

Mistake #4: Ignoring Soil Biology

While this mistake won’t necessarily interfere with your organic certification status, it can limit your ability to grow abundant, nutritious food.

A commonly cited metric holds that it will take 5 years for farms switching from conventional to organic growing practices to recover the yields they saw during their last conventional growing year.

But, that timeline reflects farms starting with poor soil biology and using a passive approach to rebuilding organic matter and microbial communities in the soil.

Understanding the microbiology of your soil goes a long way towards supporting higher yields for new organic growers. Micrograph image of a soil sample by Ruben Parilla, NOFA/Mass Soil Technical Services Director.

Just because you’re not using prohibited chemical inputs doesn’t mean your soil has to renew itself on its own – you can support the revival of healthy soil on your farm by targeting soil microbes with inoculants and other biodynamic preparations.

When using inoculants, verify with the manufacturer that they are non-GMO to comply with certification requirements.

If you’re making your own on-farm recipes for soil support, research each ingredient in the mix to verify that it is on the OMRI approved list, or ask your certifier for help in reviewing the recipe before applying it to your soil.

Learn more about the importance of supporting soil microbes with NOFA/Mass – check out these upcoming events in our Microbes series, or get in touch with our soil technical services team for a soil health assessment on your farm. (All soil services are discounted by 25% for NOFA/Mass members!)

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